The Crucial Role of Principals in Special Education: A Key to Retaining Special Education Teachers

By: Danica Lewis, Co-Director of Member Learning, Wisconsin Council of Administrators of Special Services (WCASS)

Special education teachers are the backbone of inclusive education, working tirelessly to support students with diverse needs. However, in a January 13, 2025 Dear Colleague Letter from the US Department of Education, it was noted that 45% of schools have special education vacancies and that 78% of schools report difficulty in recruiting qualified staff for their special education vacancies. One critical factor influencing teacher retention that is often overlooked is the role of the school principal. Research and practice alike show that when principals actively engage in special education, the outcome is not only better support for students but also greater satisfaction and longevity for special education teachers.

Key Retention Issues for Special Educators

The Lead IDEA Center and CEEDAR Center's Special Educator Retention Navigator highlights six key retention challenges that contribute to special educators leaving the profession and, importantly, also provides extensive resources for addressing these areas of concern. 

1. Role Ambiguity: Who's Responsible?
2. Feeling Isolated: Mine and Yours
3. Untapped Expertise: Invisible Experts
4. Overloaded and Overextended: Slow Burn
5. Differing Expectations: Feeling at Odds
6. Feeling Unsupported: Sink or Swim

Practical Steps for Principals

1. Educate Yourself: Take time to understand the basics of special education laws, practices, and challenges. This knowledge will help you make informed decisions and provide meaningful support.
   
   
2. Be Present: Attend IEP meetings, observe special education classrooms, and engage in conversations with special education staff. Your presence shows that you value their work.
   
   
3. Foster Open Communication: Create opportunities for special education teachers to share their concerns, ideas, and successes. Regular check-ins can help you identify and address issues early.
   
   
4. Celebrate Successes: Recognize the achievements of your special education staff, whether it’s through public acknowledgment, awards, or simple thank-you notes.
   
   
5. Seek Feedback: Ask your special education teachers for input on how you can better support them. Their insights are invaluable.

Addressing retention challenges requires intentional leadership. Principals are uniquely positioned to bridge gaps, foster collaboration, and create a culture where special educators feel valued and supported. By proactively addressing role ambiguity, isolation, workload, and other key issues, principals can help retain these vital professionals and ensure that students with disabilities receive the high-quality education they deserve.

When principals step up as champions for special education, they not only improve teacher retention but also strengthen the entire school community.